In addition, political goals such as regime change or forcing a government to surrender typically require broader forms of pressure, including economic measures, diplomatic negotiations, or ground operations.
Risk of a prolonged conflict
Another limitation of the current strategy is the risk of escalation. Iran has demonstrated its ability to strike back at U.S. bases and allied targets in the region, which could extend the conflict over a longer period.
Iran has also threatened to target strategic infrastructure, including energy facilities and maritime routes in the Gulf. Such actions could disrupt global oil supplies and affect international markets.
Because of these risks, some analysts warn that relying solely on airpower could lead to a prolonged confrontation rather than a rapid resolution.